Views: 0 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2026-04-10 Origin: Site
New energy vehicles refer to those that use non-traditional vehicle fuels (or use traditional vehicle fuels while adopting new on-board power devices), combined with advanced technologies in vehicle power control and drive systems. Eventually, they form vehicles with advanced technical principles, new technologies and new structures. This inevitably leads to the replacement and adjustment of various assembly components behind them. The application of advanced ceramic structural components in the field of new energy vehicles is gradually increasing.
These components, characterized by exceptional thermal stability, high mechanical strength, and excellent corrosion resistance, are playing an increasingly critical role in enhancing the efficiency, safety, and durability of core systems such as power batteries, electric motors, and power electronic controls. As the new energy vehicle industry continues to evolve towards higher energy density and faster charging speeds, advanced ceramics are becoming indispensable materials for addressing technical bottlenecks and supporting the long-term development of the sector.
① Ceramic Thermal Insulation Coating for engines, turbochargers, and components, crucial for high-temperature components;
② Exhaust System Ceramic Coating / Ceramic Paint, widely used for high-heat areas and high-temperature parts;
③ Ceramic Automotive Paint Coating, providing a protective finish for various surfaces.
The new ceramic housing for IGBTs enables the connection and extraction of the gate electrodes for all the chip units of the IGBT.
Carbon ceramic brakes have the characteristics of low density, high strength, stable friction performance, small friction force, large
braking ratio, high temperature resistance, long service life, etc. The material is an enhanced composite ceramic synthesized from
carbon fiber and silicon carbide at a high temperature of 1700℃. Not only is it extremely excellent in withstanding high temperatures,
but also weighs more than half less than traditional brake discs under the same size.
This significant weight reduction effectively lowers the vehicle's unsprung mass, which greatly improves handling stability,
ride comfort, and overall driving dynamics. Additionally, its outstanding resistance to wear and corrosion ensures consistent
braking performance even under harsh driving conditions, further enhancing driving safety and reliability.
High thermal conductivity, low thermal expansion coefficient, good weldability, high temperature resistance, good insulation,
and good thermal shock resistance, characteristic of advanced ceramic substrates.
① AlN Aluminum nitride ceramic copper-clad substrates in new energy vehicle headlights, leveraging superior thermal
management for high-power LEDs, valued for exceptional fracture toughness and long-term reliability;
② Silicon nitride substrates in IGBT modules
③ Alumina ceramic substrates in automotive sensors and vehicle shock absorbers, providing a cost-effective and stable insulating platform.
The sealing ring, specifically a ceramic sealing ring, is precisely located beneath the battery cover plate, serving to form a
sealed and conductive connection between the battery cover plate and the terminal post. This ensures that the battery has
excellent sealing properties, prevents the leakage of electrolyte, and provides a good sealed environment the internal reactions
within the battery. Additionally, when pressing down on the battery cover plate, it also functions as a pressure reduction buffer,
ensuring the normal operation of the internal components of the battery and providing an important guarantee for the battery's
lifespan and safety.
Made from advanced ceramic materials, it exhibits exceptional resistance to corrosion, high temperatures, and mechanical wear,
maintaining stable performance even in harsh operating environments. Its superior insulation and structural stability effectively
isolate electrical currents while withstanding long-term operational stresses, further enhancing the overall reliability and safety of the battery system.
The motor bearings have a higher rotational speed compared to traditional bearings, thus requiring materials with lower density
and greater wear resistance; such as those found in silicon nitride (Si3N4) ceramic bearings; at the same time, due to the alternating
current of the motor causing changes in the surrounding electromagnetic field, better insulation is needed to reduce the
electro-corrosion caused by bearing discharge, a key advantage of non-conductive ceramic hybrid bearings; thirdly, the surface
of the bearing balls is required to be smoother with less wear, which is achieved through high-precision ceramic balls with
superior surface finish and minimal micro-waviness.
These inherent material advantages collectively enhance the overall operational stability of the motor, reduce energy consumption
during high-speed operation, and effectively extend the service life of the entire powertrain system. Moreover, the excellent chemical
stability of ceramic materials ensures that the bearings maintain consistent performance even in harsh operating environments with
temperature fluctuations and potential contaminants, further solidifying their role as a critical component in advanced motor systems.
In new energy vehicles, with ultra-low loss, excellent high-frequency characteristics and long-term reliability, low-loss ceramic
capacitors are primarily used in power electronics applications such as electric drive systems, charging piles, and battery
management systems. Specific applications include:
①As key components for stable circuit operation, filter capacitors in DC-DC converters and inverters, which reduce circuit
capacitor losses and improve energy conversion efficiency, often employing high-voltage ceramic capacitors for superior performance.
②Providing critical support for efficient and safe charging, filter capacitors in charging piles, which suppress current interference
and enhance charging efficiency, with high-voltage ceramic capacitors ensuring durability.
③Offering stable voltage support for battery systems, capacitors in battery management systems, which stabilize battery output
voltage and improve the cycle life and safety of battery packs, benefiting from the stability of high-voltage ceramic capacitors.
④Featuring outstanding high temperature resistance, high voltage tolerance and excellent high-frequency performance, low-loss
ceramic capacitors, characterized by high temperature resistance, high voltage tolerance, and high-frequency performance, play
a crucial role in the electronic control systems of new energy vehicles, where high-voltage ceramic capacitors are essential for safety and efficiency.
As an ideal choice for high-performance sealing and structural components, It possesses excellent properties such as corrosion
resistance, impact resistance and high elasticity. It can come into direct contact with almost all kinds of media. Moreover,
the extremely high thermal stability of ceramics enables its working temperature range to reach -40℃ to 150℃. Therefore,
it can be widely applied in fields such as automotive and industrial process control.
As an eco-friendly and self-sustaining power solution, an electrical connection is set up between the piezoelectric ceramic, the core
power generation element, and the tire pressure monitoring chip to enable the piezoelectric ceramic to supply power to the
tire pressure monitoring chip. By intelligently harnessing dynamic pressure changes during driving, this tire pressure monitoring
device utilizes the change in air pressure within the vehicle tires during vehicle operation, which causes the deformation of the air
pressure bell, thereby causing the piezoelectric ceramic to deform . and generate electricity. Achieving maintenance-free and
long-lasting power supply, the current generated by the deformation of the piezoelectric ceramic is then used to power the tire pressure monitoring chip.
As a key indicator for ensuring engine reliability and efficiency, temperature is an important parameter reflecting the thermal load state of the engine. To ensure that the control system can precisely control the working parameters of the engine, it is necessary to constantly monitor the engine coolant temperature, intake air temperature and exhaust gas temperature, using temperature sensors, so as to correct the control parameters, calculate the mass flow rate of the air entering the cylinder, and carry out exhaust purification treatment, etc.
①As fundamental control components for conventional vehicle circuits, in traditional internal combustion engine vehicles,
relays are widely used in control systems, starting, air conditioning, lighting, wipers, electronic fuel injection devices, oil pumps,
power windows, power seats, electronic instrument panels, and diagnostic systems. All relays used in traditional automobiles are
low-voltage products, operating within a voltage range of 12–48V, distinct from the requirements for high-voltage ceramic relays.
②As key switching components for high-voltage power systems, in new energy vehicles, relays are primarily used in high-voltage
DC environments, controlling high-current DC electricity, necessitating the use of high-voltage ceramic relays. They are characterized
by a wide variety of models, small production batches, and are often manufactured using flexible production technologies to
achieve the required insulation and arc-quenching performance.
① Effectively shielding circuits from overload and short-circuit damage, circuit Protection Function, a primary role of ceramic fuses.
② Ensuring stable operation under harsh electrical conditions, load-bearing Function and Surge Resistance Capability, inherently strong in ceramic fuses.
③ Preventing fire and equipment failure risks comprehensively, safety function, the fundamental objective for implementing ceramic fuses.
The PTC heater, classified as a ceramic heater, has the advantages of low thermal resistance and high heat exchange efficiency.
It is an automatic constant-temperature and energy-saving electric heater. One of its prominent features lies in its safety performance.
In any application scenario, it will not exhibit the "redness" phenomenon on the surface like electric heating tubes, which could cause
safety hazards such as burns or fires, making ceramic PTC heaters a safer alternative.
It features reliable temperature self-limiting characteristics, effectively avoiding overheating risks and ensuring stable operation
under complex working conditions. With excellent insulation and long-term durability, it greatly improves the safety and service life
of the entire heating system.
Piezoelectric acceleration sensors, a type of sensor utilizing piezoelectric ceramics, operate based on the piezoelectric effect of
piezoelectric crystals. These sensors are also applied in automotive safety features such as airbags, anti-lock braking systems, and traction control systems.
They deliver stable and precise signal output, effectively supporting the reliable operation of vehicle safety systems.
In the research and production stages of new energy vehicles, more and more new materials and new technologies are being adopted.
This has made it possible for people to have requirements for lightweighting, low cost, intelligence, economy and reliability of new
energy vehicles. Regarding the use of new materials, ceramic materials, due to their various excellent and unique properties,
are applied in new energy vehicles. This is of positive significance for reducing the vehicle's own weight, improving the efficiency
of the motor, reducing energy consumption, extending the lifespan of vulnerable parts, and
enhancing the intelligence functions of new energy vehicles, as demonstrated by components like piezoelectric acceleration sensors.
Question 1 : Why are ceramic materials more suitable for motor bearings in new energy vehicles?
Answer: Due to the fact that the motor bearings of new energy vehicles encounter three major challenges: high rotational speed, electromagnetic field interference-induced electrical corrosion, and higher requirements for wear resistance. Advanced ceramic bearings possess the characteristics of lower density, greater wear resistance, and excellent electrical insulation. They can effectively reduce electrical corrosion and have a smoother surface, thus meeting the requirements for high-performance operation of the motor.
Question 2: What key components of new energy vehicles does the ceramic copper-clad laminate mainly apply to?
Answer:
a. Aluminum nitride ceramic copper-clad laminate: Used in the headlights of new energy vehicles.
b. Silicon nitride ceramic substrate: Used in IGBT modules (power control units).
c. Aluminum oxide ceramic substrate: Used in automotive sensors and shock absorbers.
Question 3: What are the significant advantages of carbon ceramic brake pads compared to traditional brake discs?
Answer: Carbon ceramic brake pads (an enhanced composite ceramic material formed by synthesizing carbon fiber and silicon carbide at 1700℃) have the following advantages:
a. Lighter: At the same size, they are more than half lighter than traditional brake discs.
b. More resistant to high temperatures: Stable performance at high temperatures.
c. Longer lifespan: Less friction, more wear-resistant.
d. Better braking performance: Larger braking ratio, stable friction performance.
Question 4: What are the main differences between high-voltage ceramic relays and traditional automotive relays?
Answer: The main differences lie in the voltage environment and the control current:
a. Traditional automotive relays: Used in low-voltage environments (12-48V), controlling low-voltage electrical appliances such as starting, air conditioning, and windows.
b. New energy vehicle high-voltage ceramic relays: Used in high-voltage direct current environments, controlling large current direct current, for batteries, motors, and electronic control circuits in high-voltage circuits. Due to their multi-variety and small-batch characteristics, flexible manufacturing techniques are often adopted.
Question 5: What unique role does piezoelectric ceramics play in the tire pressure monitoring system of new energy vehicles?
Answer: Piezoelectric ceramics are used to power the tire pressure monitoring chip. The principle is as follows: When a vehicle is in motion, the change in tire internal pressure causes the air pressure to deform, which in turn causes the piezoelectric ceramic to deform. The piezoelectric effect is then utilized to generate an electric current, providing electrical energy for the tire pressure monitoring chip. This achieves self-powered wireless tire pressure monitoring, without the need for additional batteries.
Question 6: What are the prominent safety advantages of ceramic heaters (PTC) over traditional electric heating tubes in new energy vehicles?
Answer: The core safety advantage of PTC heaters is that they do not exhibit "surface reddening" phenomenon. Traditional electric heating tubes may turn red when operating at high temperatures, which poses potential risks such as burns and fires. However, PTC heaters have the characteristic of automatic temperature stabilization. This phenomenon does not occur in any application scenario. Moreover, they have a low thermal resistance, high heat exchange efficiency, and are energy-efficient.
Question 7: What is the crucial role of the sealing ring in the ceramic sealing connector within the battery power unit?
Answer: It is located beneath the battery cover plate and is used to form a sealed conductive connection between the battery cover plate and the terminals. Its core function is:
a. To prevent the leakage of electrolyte and ensure a good sealed environment inside the battery.
b. To provide pressure relief buffering, protecting the internal components from malfunction when the battery cover plate is pressed down.
These functions are of vital importance to the lifespan and safety of the battery.
Question 8: What material properties of ceramic pressure sensors make them suitable for the harsh working conditions of new energy vehicles?
Answer: It possesses three outstanding features:
a. Corrosion resistance, impact resistance, and high elasticity: It can directly come into contact with almost all kinds of media (such as coolant, oil, etc.).
b. Extremely high thermal stability: The working temperature range can reach -40℃ to 150℃.
c. Therefore, it can be stably applied in fields such as automotive and industrial process control.
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